WAR AND WARFARE IN ANCIENT GREECE
The Ancient Greeks are remembered today as being skilled warriors, and participated in many important wars. For example, children in Ancient Greece prepared for military service from even a young age.
With that said, the most famous wars that the people of Ancient Greece participated in were against Persia. Known as the ‘Greco-Persian Wars’, these conflicts occurred from 499 BCE until 449 BCE. During this time, the Ancient Greek city-states generally united together against the Persian armies, which were led by ‘Darius the Great’. The Persian forces attacked Greece in 490 BCE but famously were defeated at the Battle of Marathon, which caused the Persians to continue their assault against Greece from 480 to 479 BCE. Regardless, the Greek armies stood their ground and were able to hold back the Persian forces.
Besides its war with Persia, the city-states of Ancient Greece also sometimes fought against each other. This was best seen during the events of the Peloponnesian War, which took place from 431 to 404 BCE. The Peloponnesian War was fought between the Ancient Greek city-states of Athens and Sparta for control over the larger regions of Greece. The war highlighted the ongoing conflict of interest between the different city-states of Ancient Greece and the nature of warfare at the time. In the end, Sparta proved victorious along with its allies which were referred to as the Peloponnesian League.
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